My research focus is on mental skills and abilities and performance. The specific skills that I focus upon include goal setting, arousal regulation, imagery, confidence, and attentional focus. In the past several years I have been especially focused on mental toughness both in athletes and other performers (e,g, business, military). My aim is to try to help individuals develop their mental skills so that they can become more mentally tough and thus improve their performance. I have used both qualitative and quantitative modes of inquiry as well as interventions to help kern more about what is mental toughness and how can we help individuals build it.